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Mesopotamia civilization documented the oldest written
law in the history of humanity which is the "Code of Ham-
murabi", the most popular king of Babel from about two
thousand years BC, as the first sample of a legal concept
that indicates that some laws are essential and fundamental
and exceed the capability of kings to change. The code was
introduced by the words of the Sun God who dedicated the
code to Hammurabi in which he said:
(I am Hammurabi, the king of law and the Sun God
granted me the laws.) It seems that this code includes
grouping of legal traditions that relate to a much older era
than the era it was set. The Hammurabi Code sought for
setting legal documents that ensure legal protection for all
citizens of Babel. It focused on some categories to elimi-
nate injustice and oppression. In addition, we attain a strong
foundation for the idea of human rights in the core of Islam
since the people scattered in the five continents are a single
family that emerged from one origin and relate to one father
and one mother. Therefore, there is no place for superior-
ity among them regarding the origin of the cycle and start
of life. Furthermore, Prophet Mohammad (peace be upon
him) emphasized the aforementioned in his farewell ser-
mon by saying (O people, you have one God and father, you
are all for Adam and for Adam is from soil, and the most
generous is the most precious with respect to God).