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agitated emperors and tsars and raised their ire against the
new religion.
Alternatively, Muslims had to spread the teachings of
their religion on the basis of the oneness of divine religions
by following the sect of Ibrahim Al Khalil. Although Islam
has proved its goodwill with respect to Jews and Christians,
these religions did not acknowledge it as a divine religion
that calls for the Oneness of Allah Almighty. Moreover,
they persevered with their maliciousness and stoke wars
against it.
Jews did not represent a real threat for Islam with respect
to the people inflowing to it due to the racism of Jews and
their intolerance. Therefore, Jews did not call people to fol-
low their religion or enter into it.
However, with regard to Christians, the situation is very
different since, in addition to their lack of recognition of Is-
lam in spite of the keenness of the Quran texts to prove the
close relationship with the above mentioned by acknowl-
edging the Bible as a holy book and approving its provi-
sions, their hostility to Islam was obvious, especially after
Europe embraced Christianity. Due to the unavailability of
legislative texts and penal laws, the west was obliged to
pursue the positive law that emptied Christianity from its
sacred warmth of faith and belittled the achievements of the