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the person’s own deeds. It carries this wide range of sacred
humanitarian meanings. Civilization is a new as well as an
ancient term which is implied in various intellectual and ur-
ban phenomena. Although the word "Civilization"indicates
its meaning in English, yet it has two different meanings
in Arabic. In addition to the word "Hadarah"or "ةراضح"in
Arabic, we find the word "Madaneya"or "ةيندم"which is
equivalent to the word "Civil"thus causing a contradiction
between the two concepts of "Madaneya"and "Hadarah".
If the word "Madaneya"means the ways and standards
of living, patterns of behavior, advancement of tools and
urbanism, then "Hadarah"adds to the aforementioned the
literary and artistic output linked to gods and the ancient
God which conveys the warmth of faith and great worship
and compliance.
The outcome of both words "Madaneya"and
"Hadarah"are equal in their need for stability, and their en-
suring the means and standards of living apart from migra-
tion and famine. Therefore, people have developed prosper-
ous stable civilizations on the mouths of the rivers, where
agriculture provided food security, as in the case of the
Pharaonic civilization on the Egyptian Delta and the Meso-
potamian civilization in Iraq.
Through a brief reading of history, we conclude that his-